Investigating the Influence of Suspended Sediment on Mangrove Characteristics in Pantai Perpat, Johor, Malaysia

Abstract

Coastal ecosystems like mangroves, the littoral zone or estuaries play a significant role in maintaining the health and functionality of marine food chains by protecting and securing local rivers from water pollution and sediment delivery. Nevertheless, the coastal regions on the West Coast of Malaysia, particularly in Johor which includes Pantai Perpat (sandy-muddy beach) have undergone notable changes in mangrove vegetation due to the occurrence of excessive suspended sediment that could contribute to the fragmentation of mangrove trees. Thus, this study aims to exert the influence of suspended sediment on mangrove characteristics in Pantai Perpat, Johor. The study area has been divided into two (2) separate zones (Zone A and Zone B). The data in determining suspended solid and physical characteristics has been collected through laboratory tests and primary sources. Then, the data were analysed by using some statistical methods to achieve the objectives of the study. The result of suspended sediment analysis shows the relationship between turbidity and total suspended solids (TSS) in Zone A is higher compared to Zone B. It shows, that the higher the turbidity reading, the higher the TSS levels, thus weakening the soil condition at the location. Moreover, the result illustrates the relationship between TSS and physical characteristics of mangrove trees (diameter of breast height (DBH) and leaf size) and turbidity against physical characteristics: Zone A recorded significantly higher compared to Zone B. It proves, that the higher the TSS levels and turbidity reading, the lower the DBH and leaf size reading. It shows that suspended sediment influences the mangrove characteristics. Therefore, the study aims to exert the influence of the suspended sediment on mangrove characteristics in Pantai Perpat, Johor has achieved. Through this study, a better understanding of suspended sediment dynamics in coastal areas has been completed as well as providing essential information for conservation practices and future planning.