Effect of Agar on Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Sugar Palm Starch: Thermal Behavior

Ridhwan  Jumaidin; Mohd Sapuan  Salit; Mohamed Saiful  Firdaus; Ahmad Fuad  Ab Ghani; Mohd Yuhazri  Yaakob; Nazri Huzaimi  Zakaria; Fudhail  Abdul Munir; Azrul Abidin  Zakaria; Norhisyam  Jenal

Authors

Ridhwan Jumaidin Center for Advanced Research on Energy, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Mohd Sapuan Salit Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Mohamed Saiful Firdaus Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Ahmad Fuad Ab Ghani Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Mohd Yuhazri Yaakob Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Nazri Huzaimi Zakaria Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysi
Fudhail Abdul Munir Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
Azrul Abidin Zakaria Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Mara Cawangan Johor, Kampus Pasir Gudang, 81750 Masai, Johor, Malaysia
Norhisyam Jenal Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Mara Cawangan Johor, Kampus Pasir Gudang, 81750 Masai, Johor, Malaysia

Keywords:

thermoplastic starch, dynamic mechanical analysis, sugar palm, thermal behavior

Abstract

The aim of this work is to study the behavior of thermoplastic sugar palm starch (SPS)/agar blends when subjected to increasing temperature. Thermoplastic SPS/agar blends were prepared by incorporation of agar into thermoplastic SPS in the range of 10 to 40 wt%. The mixture was melt-mixed and then hot pressed at 140oC for 10 min. Dynamic mechanical testing was conducted on all samples at a temperature range of 25 to 140oC. The results show that the storage modulus of all samples decreased gradually with increase in temperature. This phenomenon indicates higher molecular movement of the materials when subjected to increasing temperature. Increasing agar weight fraction from 10 to 40wt% has decreased the storage modulus of the thermoplastic SPS/agar blends. These findings were accompanied by a decrease in the loss modulus of thermoplastic SPS which indicates less viscosity of the material when agar was introduced. The damping factor that indicates the molecular mobility of the material display increasing trend with an increase in agar concentration. In conclusion, the addition of agar has increased the molecular mobility of thermoplastic SPS which enhanced the polymer chain movement of the material at high temperature